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How to Change Your Brake Fluid: A Step-by-Step Guide

By Mitchell PortmanEngine Parts & Fluids Writer

Why You Might Need to Change Your Brake Fluid

Brake fluid breaks down over time. Moisture can get into the fluid, which lowers how well your brakes work. Most car makers suggest changing your brake fluid every two to three years, even if you don't see a problem.

If your brake pedal feels soft or spongy, or if your brakes don't respond the way they should, it might be time to change the fluid.

What You'll Need

Before you start, gather these items:

  • New brake fluid (check your car's manual for the right type)
  • A wrench or brake bleeder kit
  • A container to catch old fluid
  • Rags or paper towels
  • A helper (for some methods)
  • Safety glasses
  • Gloves

Brake fluid can damage paint and skin, so wear protection and work carefully.

Steps to Change Your Brake Fluid

Step 1: Park on a Level Surface

Find a flat, safe place to work. Make sure your car is off and has cooled down.

Step 2: Open the Hood and Find the Brake Fluid Reservoir

Look for a plastic container near the back of the engine. Your car's manual shows where it is. The container is usually labeled.

Step 3: Remove the Old Fluid

Open the reservoir cap. Use a turkey baster or syringe to pull out the old fluid. Put it in your container. Don't spill it on your car's paint.

Step 4: Add New Fluid

Slowly pour new brake fluid into the reservoir. Fill it to the line marked on the container. Don't overfill it.

Step 5: Bleed the Brake Lines

This step removes air from the system. You have two options:

Option A: With a Helper

  1. Have your helper sit in the car and pump the brake pedal slowly 10 times.
  2. Tell them to hold the pedal down.
  3. You go to one wheel and open the bleeder valve (a small screw on the brake caliper) with a wrench.
  4. Fluid will come out. When it stops, close the valve.
  5. Repeat this at each wheel, starting with the one farthest from the master cylinder (usually the rear passenger side).
  6. Check the reservoir often and refill as needed.

Option B: Using a Bleeder Kit

Follow the instructions that come with your kit. Most kits use a vacuum to pull old fluid out of the lines.

Step 6: Check Your Work

Make sure the reservoir is filled to the right level. Pump your brake pedal a few times. It should feel firm, not soft.

Step 7: Test Drive

Drive slowly in a safe area and test your brakes. They should feel normal and responsive.

Tips for Success

  • Work slowly and don't rush.
  • Keep brake fluid away from your skin and eyes.
  • Don't let the reservoir run empty during the process.
  • Some cars need special tools or steps—check your manual first.
  • If you're not sure, a mechanic can do this work for you.

When to Call a Professional

If your brakes still don't feel right after changing the fluid, or if you see brake fluid leaking, take your car to a mechanic. Brake problems can be serious.